Motivation versus risk

Emotion Motivation Versus Aversive Processing During Perception

The Limits of Authority: Motivation versus Coordination

This paper studies the effects of open disagreement on motivation and coordination. It shows how – in the presence of differing priors – motivation and coordination impose conflicting demands on the allocation of authority, leading to a trade-off between the two. The paper first derives a new mechanism for delegation: since the agent thinks – by revealed preference applied to differing priors –...

Aging and Motivation 1 State-Based Versus Reward-Based Motivation in Younger and Older Adults

Recent decision-making work has focused on a distinction between a habitual, model-free neural system that is motivated toward actions that lead directly to reward, and a more computationally demanding goal-directed, model-based system that is motivated toward actions that improve one’s future state. In this paper we examine how aging affects motivation toward reward-based versus state-based de...

Neural Mechanisms Underlying Motivation of Mental Versus Physical Effort

Mental and physical efforts, such as paying attention and lifting weights, have been shown to involve different brain systems. These cognitive and motor systems, respectively, include cortical networks (prefronto-parietal and precentral regions) as well as subregions of the dorsal basal ganglia (caudate and putamen). Both systems appeared sensitive to incentive motivation: their activity increa...

Motivation, affect, and hemispheric asymmetry: power versus affiliation.

In 4 experiments, the authors examined to what extent information related to different social needs (i.e., power vs. affiliation) is associated with hemispheric laterality. Response latencies to a lateralized dot-probe task following lateralized pictures or verbal labels that were associated with positive or negative episodes related to power, affiliation, or achievement revealed clear-cut late...